ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a detergent for decontamination of Co2+ and Mn2+ on skin.Methods Single-factor experimental and orthogonal experimental designs were performed to study the formula composition of the decontaminant.The skin irritation experiment was performed and assessed according to the standard method.The detergent was prepared according the conventional process of showering gel.The pH,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) level,total active substances of the detergent,and its stability were evaluated according to the chemical method recommended in the national standard GB/T 13173-2008.The decontamination efficiency on stable isotopes of Co2+ and Mn2+ contamination was measured on the back of hand skin of volunteers.Results The formula composition of the decontaminant was obtained through the orthogonal experiment.The pH value of the detergent was 6.99,total active substance was 20.49％ and the content of EDTA was 5.99％.After being kept at-5 ℃ and 40℃℃ for 24h,the decontaminant showed no strange smell,no precipitation,no discoloration and still kept transparent.The decontamination effects on Co2+ and Mn2+ contaminated on hand skin were 103.13％ ± 0.05％ and 100.62％ ± 0.09％,respectively,which was significantly higher than that of distilled water (81.77％ ± 0.23％ and 79.63％ ± 0.23％,P＜0.01,respectively).Conclusion The decontaminant has a high effect on decontamination of Co2+ and Mn2+ polluted on skin,and is hopeful to be developed as an effective detergent on radioactive isotopes contamination.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the combined effects of low-dose ionizing radiation, carbon monoxide, benzene and noise on serum metabolites and the mechanism of injury induced by these complex environmental factors in rats. Methods Sixteen adult SD rats were randomly divided into control group and exposed group (8 each). The exposed group received the combined effect every day for 7 days. At the end of experiment, sera were collected from the abdominal aorta of rats. The metabolic fingerprint of serum was obtained by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and determined with pattern recognition techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (OSC-PLS). The similarities and differences in metabolic profiles between two groups were visualized by SIMCA-P software. Results The rat serum 1H NMR spectra revealed different metabolic spectra between the control group and exposed group. The OSC-PLS plots of the serum samples presented respectively marked clustering between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the contents of lipid, high density lipoprotein, glycine/glucose, N-acetyl glycoprotein 1, N-acetyl glycoprotein 2, phosphatidyl choline and unsaturated fatty acid increased, while those of lactic acid, threonine/lipid, alanine, creatine, glycerylphosphorylcholine/ trimethylamine oxide, low density lipoprotein/high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein/ low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and saturated fatty acid decreased. Conclusions Combination of low-dose ionizing radiation, carbon monoxide, benzene and noise could induce changes of serum metabolites in rats, involving in immune function, renal function and energy metabolism. The NMR-based-metabonomics method has potential of application in research on combined biological effects of the complex environmental factors.
ABSTRACT
Objective To screen serum proteomic marker of hepatic echinococcosis, establish a diagnotic model of serum protein fingerprint patterns, and evaluate its clinical application for hepatic echinococcosis. Methods Serum samples from 68 patients with hepatic echinococcosis matched with 73 controls composed of 33 patients with liver diseases other than hepatic echinococcosis and 40 healthy people were collected. All subjects were divided into training group (37) and testing group (67). Serum protein profiling of patients with hepatic echinococcosis and controls were detected using surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS) and weak cation exchange protein chip(WCX2). Peak intensities were compared, in the training group, between 37 patients with hepatic echinococcosis and 37 controls, 5 patients with HCE and 5 patients with HAE, and 8 patients with hepatic echinococcosis before and after operation, respectively. ZJU-Protein Chip Data Analyze System(ZJU-PDAS) was used for data analysis and the model of serum protein fingerprint patterns was build by support vector machine (SVM). The sensitivity and specificity of the model for diagnosis of hepatic echinococcosis were verified by blind method on samples of testing group. Results There were nine different protein peak spectra between hepatic echinococcosis group and control group, of which eight protein peak spectra decreased in patient group, their relative molecular mass were 1044, 1047, 1073, 1075, 1338, 6453, 6649, 8714 m/z, respectively, while one protein peak spectrum(5651 m/z) increased(P < 0.05). The sensitivity,specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value of the model validated by blind method were 77.4% (24/31), 66.7% (24/36), respectively. There were two different protein peak spectra between HCE group and HAE group, Their relative molecule mass were 8716 and 2751 m/z, respectively (P < 0.05). Six different proteins were detected from pre-operation group and post-operation group. Their relative molecular mass were 1297, 1505, 1525, 1534, 5921, 5941 m/z, respectively(P < 0.05). Conclusions It is a successful way to screen serum proteomic marker in patients with hepatic echinococcosis by SELDI-TOF-MS and Bio-informatics, and the marker has a potential clinical value in diagnosis and judging prognosis of hepatic echinococcosis.